乳腺癌患者面临压力可能抵消健康脂肪带来的获益
2016年9月20日，英国《自然》旗下《分子精神病学》在线发表俄亥俄州立大学、莱斯大学、德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心的双盲随机交叉研究报告，发现乳腺癌患者面临压力时，健康脂肪的获益消失。
女性在没有压力的情况下，进食主要由饱和脂肪烹制的饼干和肉汁早餐，与主要由单不饱和葵花籽油烹制的相同早餐相比，血液化验结果较差。但是，当女性早餐试验前经历紧张的事件，前一天的应激可能抵消选择健康脂肪带来的任何好处。该研究首次表明，压力可能抵消选择健康脂肪带来的获益。
该研究共入组38位乳腺癌生存者、20位非乳腺癌患者，参与者的平均年龄为53.1岁，在2天内进食2餐中的一种，并记录前一天的经历，并使用应激事件每日清单确定她们每天的压力情况。随访期间，采血检测炎症标记物（C反应蛋白，血清淀粉样蛋白A）和生物标志物（细胞间黏附分子、血管细胞黏附分子）。
结果发现，饱和脂肪餐与葵花籽油含量较高的饮食相比，所有女性4种不健康标志物水平均升高，但是在前一天紧张的女性中，该差异消失。
Mol Psychiatry. 2016 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Depression, daily stressors and inflammatory responses to high-fat meals: when stress overrides healthier food choices.
Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Fagundes CP, Andridge R, Peng J, Malarkey WB, Habash D, Belury MA.
The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
Depression, stress and diet can all alter inflammation. This double-blind, randomized crossover study addressed the impact of daily stressors and a history of major depressive disorder (MDD) on inflammatory responses to high-fat meals. During two separate 9.5 h admissions, 58 healthy women (38 breast cancer survivors and 20 demographically similar controls), mean age 53.1 years, received either a high saturated fat meal or a high oleic sunflower oil meal. The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events assessed prior day stressors and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV evaluated MDD. As expected, for a woman with no prior day stressors, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) were higher following the saturated fat meal than the high oleic sunflower oil meal after controlling for pre-meal measures, age, trunk fat and physical activity. But if a woman had prior day stressors, these meal-related differences disappeared-because the stressors heightened CRP, SAA, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 responses to the sunflower oil meal, making it look more like the responses to the saturated fat meal. In addition, women with an MDD history had higher post-meal blood pressure responses than those without a similar history. These data show how recent stressors and an MDD history can reverberate through metabolic alterations, promoting inflammatory and atherogenic responses.
PMID: 27646264
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.149